| 1. | The first few primary flight feathers were much shorter than the rest.
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| 2. | By 12 weeks they are trying out their newly sprouted flight feathers.
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| 3. | The adult's plumage is white, with black flight feathers in the wings.
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| 4. | Scientists have not yet determined the function of all flight feather modifications.
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| 5. | The melanistic female is entirely chocolate brown except for grey flight feathers.
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| 6. | The underwing coverts are brown, with pale flight feathers being streaked with black.
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| 7. | The adult male has dark blue-gray plumage with darker flight feathers.
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| 8. | In flight, this wary bird shows white flight feathers and undertail.
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| 9. | Adults go through a summer moult when they temporarily lose their flight feathers.
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| 10. | However, in flight a white rump and flight feathers become visible.
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